See spenden in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spend"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "spend"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:spendan"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"weigh, weigh out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)pend-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)péndeti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"stretch\", \"pos\" : \"root\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)pend-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"expendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spendōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"spendan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"spenden\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"spenden\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spendan"
},
"expansion": "Old English spendan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spendōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spendōn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English spendan, from Proto-West Germanic *spendōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spentest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spenten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spendende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yspended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yspent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spendi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "spenden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spend",
"c": "ede",
"c2": "te"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spenen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spend"
],
"id": "en-spenden-enm-verb-B70KjR1c",
"links": [
[
"spend",
"spend"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛndən/"
}
],
"word": "spenden"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "spenen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spend"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "spend"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:spendan"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"weigh, weigh out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)pend-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)péndeti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"stretch\", \"pos\" : \"root\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)pend-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"expendō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*spendōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"spendan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"spenden\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"spenden\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spendan"
},
"expansion": "Old English spendan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*spendōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spendōn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English spendan, from Proto-West Germanic *spendōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spentest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spenden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spenten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spente",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spendynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spendende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yspended",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yspent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spendi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "spenden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spend",
"c": "ede",
"c2": "te"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)pend-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"to spend"
],
"links": [
[
"spend",
"spend"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛndən/"
}
],
"word": "spenden"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spenden meaning in Middle English (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (b70b34c and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.